The discovery of incredibly high levels in dark matter in Triangulum II, a dwarf galaxy close to Earth has led to the creation and maintenance of countless dark matter colonies. It is believed that dark matter outnumbers visible matter particles by more than a factor 10.. Triangulum II shows a much larger proportion. Fritz Zwicky (1898-1974),, a Swiss Astronomer in 1933. was the first to identify dark matter. Although dark matter is not visible or detectable, we know it exists. Dark matter has a strong gravitational pull, which attracts and distorts visible matter. Evan Kirby (assistant professor of astronomy), who is at Caltech, and his colleagues from the Carnegie Institution of Washington’s Observatories of California published their findings in Astrophysical Journal Letters. Caltech FIRE simulates the distribution of dark matter and stars around a galaxy such as the Milky Way. A dwarf galaxy such as Triangulum II is shown by the red circle. This galaxy has a lot of dark matter, but very few stars. (Image: Caltech. Credit to A. Wetzel & P. Hopkins. Highest concentration of dark matter in any galaxy. Scientists measured the mass of the dwarf galaxy Triangulum II and found that it had the highest amount of dark matter among all the galaxy they know. A dwarf galaxy can be described as a tiny galaxy. Triangulum II is a tiny galaxy located at the edge our galaxy’s Milky Way. It contains only 1 ,000 star. This number is tiny compared to, for instance, the Milky Way which has over 100 million stars. Professor Kirby used six speed measurements to determine Triangulum II’s mass. Professor Kirby stated that the galaxy was difficult to view. Professor Kirby stated that only six stars in the galaxy were visible with the Keck telescope. Prof. Kirby measured the speed of the stars to determine their gravitational forces and the galaxy’s weight. Professor Kirby stated that the galaxy’s total mass was greater than its total star count, which means there is a lot of dark matter. Triangulum II is a great candidate for dark matter research. Scientists will most likely use Triangulum II to find dark matter signatures. Supersymmetric WIMPs, dark matter particles that collide with each other, produce gamma radiations which can be detected from Earth. According to current theories, dark matter emits gamma radiations throughout the entire Universe. It is difficult to detect these signals in the midst of other galactic noises, like gamma radiation from fast-rotating neutron stars (pulsars). Triangulum II has a quiet galaxy Triangulum II doesn’t have much galaxies noise. It is relatively silent. Scientists call it dead because it lacks the gas and other materials required to make stars. The theory is that any gamma radiation signals from dark matter particles colliding in Triangulum II could be easily seen. Professor Kirby’s measurements of Triangulum II’s total mass have not been confirmed. A second team of scientists, from France’s University of Strasbourg, took measurements of the speed of stars outside the dwarf galaxy. They found that they moved faster than one close to the center of the star, which was exactly what everybody expected. The surprising result suggests Triangulum II may be being pulled apart or “tidally disturbed” by gravity from the Milky Way. Professor Kirby stated that “My next steps will be to measure to verify the findings of another group.” The galaxy may be considered dynamic equilibrium if it is found that the outer stars don’t move faster than their inner counterparts. This would make the galaxy an excellent candidate to detect dark matter using gamma rays.” Citation. “TRIANGULUM I: POSSIBLY VERY DENSE ULTRA FAINT GALAXY,” Evan N. Kirby and Judith G. Cohen. Joshua D. Simon and Puragra Guhathakurta. Astrophysical Journal Letters. 16 November, 2015. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10. 1088/2041-8205/814/1/L7.
