Large Hadron Collider (the most powerful particle accelerator ever made) will soon be back online at the end March. However, it will be running at a reduced speed until May. The particle accelerator can be used to accelerate subatomic particles up to very high speeds by using electromagnetic or electric fields. These particles can collide with each other to create high-energy X/rays and Gamma Rays. LHC (Large Hardon Collider), is probably the largest and most complex machine in the world. This collider has helped us to understand both matter and the Universe. Scientists believe that the Big Bang produced equal amounts of antimatter and matter. Why do we have so much more matter today than in the past? CERN engineers believe the LHC will help them find out. Image: CERN. Since its launch in 2008, European Organization for Nuclear Research, scientists from Geneva, Switzerland have used the LHC (a 27km (16.) to smash protons together. 77m machine to smash protons together with almost light speed. The particles are broken down into smaller building blocks like Bosons or Hadrons immediately after collision. The Higgs Boson is one of the particles that were only theoretically known to exist. It was actually physically proved to be present just before the LHC in 2013. was closed. The LHC is expected to reveal the existence of other Higgs bosons such as Dark Matter or Gravity. Researchers believe that it will be possible to determine if there are any Higgs Bosons. The Supersymmetry Theory states that there are five kinds of Higgs bosons. It would represent a significant scientific breakthrough. Researchers also seek to determine what Dark Matter, an invisible substance that exists but is not visible to the naked eye, can be found around galaxies. It makes up more 65% than any other part of the universe. LHC could help us discover why all things are made out of matter and not antimatter. The LHC may provide insight into why gravity works so differently to other forces. It could spread through additional dimensions and cause us to feel only a small fraction of its power. This simulation shows protons colliding at 14 TEV, generating four muons, which are unstable subatomic particles. The lines denote other particles. Energy deposited is in blue. After some incredible achievements, the LHC was closed for maintenance and upgrade. The accelerator was strengthened and consolidated by hundreds of engineers and technicians over two years. At the end of this month, LHC will have a collision energy of 13 TeV (Terraelectron-Volts), compared to its record energy generation of 8 TeV. Although scientists had originally considered increasing the power to 14 TEV, they decided on thirteen because of operational concerns. The video below shows CERN managers, scientists and staff describing the enormous engineering feat. Jean-Philippe Tock, CERN Technology department, led the Superconducting Magnets and Circuits Consolidation Project during 2013 shut down. His team concentrated on consolidating more than 10,000 high-current splices in 1,695 interconnections between the LHC’s magnets. Engineers Mirko Pojer and Anna Chrul describe the work in the tunnel: the safety release valves for dispersing helium safely from magnets; and the process of mounting a shunt to each splice within the interconnection to provide an alternate pathway so that the 11,000-amp current can pass safely from magnet-to-magnet in the event of a fault. Frederick Bordry is the CERN Director of Accelerators and Technology. He discusses the consequences of operating the accelerator at 13 collision energy. Also, he outlines some requirements for the machine to achieve this new frontier in energy – including a vacuum of high quality and radiation-resistant electronic. Katy Foraz is the activities coordinator for Long Shutdown 1 and discusses how she manages to coordinate the maintenance. During the two-year shutdown period, the elevator in the LHC tunnel went up and down more than 400,000 times. CERN stated in a statement that “Now, teams are working hard to the upcoming restart. CERN released the following statement: “Now teams are working hard for the upcoming restart. The week begins 23 February. The first protons circulating in the LHC beams will be available in mid-May to mid- June. The first 13 TEV collisions are anticipated in May or early June.
